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Abovementioned
المذكور أعلاه is a formal Arabic phrase meaning 'the abovementioned' or 'the aforementioned,' used to refer back to something previously stated in a document or conversation. It is a compound expression combining the adjective المذكور (mentioned) with the adverb أعلاه (above), commonly used in legal, academic, and official documents to avoid repetition. This phrase serves as a reference marker in formal writing and is essential for maintaining clarity and coherence in lengthy texts.
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تم توقيع العقد من قبل الطرفين المذكورين أعلاه في تاريخ اليوم.
Tamma tawqīʿ al-ʿaqd min qibal al-ṭarafayn al-madhkūrīn aʿlāh fī tārīkh al-yawm.
The contract was signed by the abovementioned parties on today's date.
الشروط المذكورة أعلاه يجب أن تُطبق على جميع الموظفين.
Al-shurūṭ al-madhkūrah aʿlāh yajib an tuṭabbaqa ʿalā jamīʿ al-muwazzafīn.
The abovementioned conditions must be applied to all employees.
بناءً على المعلومات المذكورة أعلاه، سيتم اتخاذ القرار النهائي.
Bināʾan ʿalā al-maʿlūmāt al-madhkūrah aʿlāh, sayatim ittīkhādh al-qarār al-nihāʾī.
Based on the abovementioned information, the final decision will be made.
المشروع المذكور أعلاه سيبدأ في الربع الأول من السنة المالية.
Al-mashruʿ al-madhkūr aʿlāh sabybdā fī al-rabʿ al-awwal min al-sanah al-māliyah.
The abovementioned project will begin in the first quarter of the fiscal year.
جميع الوثائق المذكورة أعلاه يجب أن تكون موثقة بشكل رسمي.
Jamīʿ al-wathāʾiq al-madhkūrah aʿlāh yajib an takūn muwathaqqah bi-shakl rasmī.
All the abovementioned documents must be officially certified.
This phrase is deeply embedded in Arabic legal and administrative traditions, reflecting the formal nature of official Arabic writing. It is frequently encountered in contracts, government documents, academic papers, and official correspondence throughout the Arab world. The use of such formal reference markers demonstrates respect for bureaucratic precision and clarity, which are highly valued in Arabic professional and institutional contexts.
This phrase is typically used in formal, written contexts rather than casual speech. Remember that المذكور must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies—use المذكورة for feminine singular, المذكورون for masculine plural, and المذكورات for feminine plural. When learning this phrase, recognize it as a useful tool for avoiding repetition in longer documents and maintaining a formal tone.
المذكور أعلاه (al-madhkūr aʿlāh) is a formal Arabic phrase that translates to 'the abovementioned,' 'the aforementioned,' or 'the aforesaid.' It is composed of two elements: المذكور (mentioned/aforementioned) and أعلاه (above). This compound phrase is essential in formal, technical, and legal Arabic writing, serving as a reference marker to items, conditions, or information previously introduced in a text.
The phrase functions as an adjective and must agree with the noun it modifies in gender and number. When referring to a masculine singular noun, use المذكور أعلاه. For feminine singular nouns, use المذكورة أعلاه. For masculine plural, use المذكورون أعلاه, and for feminine plural, use المذكورات أعلاه. This grammatical flexibility allows the phrase to maintain consistency with whatever subject it is describing.
The phrase is predominantly used in official documents such as contracts, legal agreements, government correspondence, academic papers, and business reports. It serves to reduce redundancy by allowing writers to refer back to previously mentioned items without repeating lengthy descriptions. For example, instead of restating an entire list of conditions, one might write 'in accordance with the abovementioned conditions' to reference those conditions concisely.
In legal contexts, المذكور أعلاه appears frequently in clauses such as 'the abovementioned parties,' 'the abovementioned terms,' or 'the abovementioned date.' In academic writing, it helps maintain flow and clarity by referring to previously defined concepts or cited sources. In administrative settings, government officials use this phrase to cross-reference regulations, policies, or previously stated requirements.
Similar phrases include السابق ذكره (previously mentioned), المشار إليه أعلاه (the referred to above), and الآنف الذكر (the aforementioned). These alternatives provide variety in formal writing while maintaining the same referential function. The antonym would be المذكور أدناه (the below mentioned) or الآتي (the following), which refer to information that comes later in the text.
The use of such precise referential language reflects the Arab world's strong tradition of formal written communication and respect for clarity in legal and administrative matters. Mastering phrases like المذكور أعلاه demonstrates linguistic sophistication and an understanding of Arabic's formal register, essential for professionals working in law, government, academia, or international business.
When encountering this phrase, identify what noun it modifies to understand the correct grammatical agreement. Pay attention to how it appears in actual documents to understand its natural usage patterns. Practice using it when writing formal emails or documents in Arabic to build confidence with this essential formal expression.